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Also referred to as a motor, the engine is a tool that can transform energy into a useful mechanical motion. Whenever a motor changes heat energy into motion it is typically referred to as an engine. The engine could come in many kinds like for example the external and internal combustion engine. An internal combustion engine usually burns a fuel along with air and the resulting hot gases are utilized for creating power. Steam engines are an example of external combustion engines. They utilize heat to be able to generate motion together with a separate working fluid.
In order to produce a mechanical motion via varying electromagnetic fields, the electric motor should take and create electrical energy. This type of engine is very common. Other kinds of engine can function utilizing non-combustive chemical reactions and some will make use of springs and be driven by elastic energy. Pneumatic motors are driven by compressed air. There are various designs based on the application needed.
Internal combustion engines or ICEs
An internal combustion engine happens when the combustion of fuel combines with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber. In an internal combustion engine, the increase of high pressure gases mixed along with high temperatures results in making use of direct force to some engine components, for instance, nozzles, pistons or turbine blades. This particular force generates functional mechanical energy by way of moving the component over a distance. Typically, an ICE has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston engines and the Wankel rotary engine. Nearly all rocket engines, jet engines and gas turbines fall into a second class of internal combustion motors known as continuous combustion, which happens on the same previous principal described.
External combustion engines such as steam or Sterling engines vary greatly from internal combustion engines. External combustion engines, where the energy is delivered to a working fluid like for example liquid sodium, hot water and pressurized water or air that are heated in some kind of boiler. The working fluid is not mixed with, consisting of or contaminated by combustion products.
A variety of designs of ICEs have been developed and are now available with several strengths and weaknesses. When powered by an energy dense gas, the internal combustion engine provides an efficient power-to-weight ratio. Although ICEs have succeeded in numerous stationary utilization, their real strength lies in mobile utilization. Internal combustion engines dominate the power supply for vehicles like for instance aircraft, cars, and boats. Some hand-held power tools utilize either ICE or battery power gadgets.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine is comprised of a heat engine where a working fluid, such as steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated through combustion of an external source. This particular combustion occurs via a heat exchanger or via the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism that produces motion. Afterwards, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and used again or thrown, and cool fluid is pulled in.
Burning fuel utilizing the aid of an oxidizer so as to supply the heat is known as "combustion." External thermal engines may be of similar application and configuration but utilize a heat supply from sources like for example solar, nuclear, exothermic or geothermal reactions not involving combustion.
The working fluid could be of any composition. Gas is actually the most common type of working fluid, yet single-phase liquid is occasionally utilized. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid varies phases between liquid and gas.
