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Tower cranes may have a max unsupported height of 80m or two hundred sixty five feet, while the minimum lifting capacity of a tower crane is 16,642 kilograms or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety lbs. with counter weights of 20 tons. Furthermore, two limit switches are used in order to make sure that the driver does not overload the crane. There is also another safety feature referred to as a load moment switch to make sure that the operator does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Last of all, the tower crane has a maximum reach of 230 feet or 70 meters.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, specially due to their extreme heights. First, the stationary structure has to be brought to the construction site by utilizing a big tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the equipment portion of the crane and the jib. After that, these sections are attached to the mast. The mobile crane then adds counterweights. Forklifts and crawler cranes can be a few of the other industrial machinery which is typically utilized to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane as the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is known as a climbing frame or a top climber that fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit can detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an extra 20 feet or 6.1m. Then, the crane operator utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into place another mast section piece.
The definition of a "loaded container" for the purpose of container handling and securing; is a container other than in the empty or tare condition. Containers must be treated as loaded, unless otherwise confirmed. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like for example wind need to be taken into consideration. The word loaded is the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. So as to make sure that the centre of gravity is kept as low and central as possible, the load should be evenly distributed throughout the container.
In order to maintain safety, having an equally distributed load is helpful to prevent excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability. An even cargo helps to prevent unacceptable load concentrations, and unacceptable vehicle axle loading.
With the distribution of load within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is extremely important that the designers of containers and handling machinery consider in the engineering process. Like for instance, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the container length measured from one end of the equipment, the eccentricity corresponds to 5 percent.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make certain that the equipment utilized is perfect for the cargo. Specific attention should be paid to the possibility of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When lifting any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like a bulk container, a tank container or a container with a liquid bulk bag or a thermal container with a refrigerating unit, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging cargo, great care should be taken when raising these.
