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Several commercial and industrial buildings could reach heights of more than 60 stories. Apparently, while these buildings are being built, they need equally tall cranes to move the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other types that have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the biggest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures found as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction such as skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane would be on site.
Types
There are two different kinds of cranes: boom crane or the jib crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both types can range from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate [parts. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the machinery. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
To raise materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor located near the control module. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when lifting heavy supplies.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specific type of mobile crane. These cranes make use of hydraulics and can lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in constructing major projects such as airports, bridges, streets and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs which would normally take lots of hours and hundreds of men to complete.
The great machinery are normally utilized in the construction of cities, houses, whole nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably constructed with the help of basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most awesome construction projects ever.
The first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt in King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was initially used to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These devices were used to create a whole nation during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they needed something stronger and larger did these equipments evolve. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, during eighteen thirty four. This machine was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
Ultimately, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added advantage of flexibility. Germany began to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane made by Germany was made in Neuburg.
